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Nonverbal utterances are communicative gestures or vocalizations that contribute to the speaker's turn. Gestures often represent a person's attempt to take a turn in conversation. Nodding in agreement, shaking head "no", shrugging shoulders, pointing, grunting, and following directives are possible examples. Gestures are omitted from word counts in analyses but marking them allows them to be counted as speaker turns in SALT calculations.
Marking Gestures
Nonverbal content within utterances are marked using a set of braces { } to enclose nonverbal actions that support a conversational turn and occur within utterances. For example,
C I want that one {C points to cake}.
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Marking Nonverbal Turns
Nonverbal content as its own conversational turn is also transcribed using a set of braces { }. However, the gesture is given its own utterance line with the speaker identified. For example,
E Where is your book?
C {picks up book}.
E Where is your truck?
C {points to truck}.
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Nonverbal Interaction and Audio Tapes
Note that if you are transcribing the language sample from an audio tape, most nonverbal interaction is lost unless the examiner makes notes on the side or verbalizes what the child did.
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