Some pronouns can be used both reflexively and non-reflexively, with an overlap in word form (i.e., ME, TE, SE, OS, and NOS). The Spanish Standard Word Lists assume the reflexive personal pronouns are transcribed with the word code [X] and the non-reflexive pronouns are transcribed without the [X]. This difference is necessary to avoid giving a subject credit for using both a reflexive and non-reflexive pronoun simultaneously (since the pronoun words are identical). If reflexive pronouns are not coded this way, they will be counted with the non-reflexive personal pronouns instead of with the reflexive personal pronouns. The word code, [X], is used to designate the use of reflexive pronouns in utterances such as: On the other hand, [X] is not used when the pronoun is not reflexive: Reflexive Verbs and Their Conjugations Reflexives are used to reflect action done to oneself, himself, herself, etc, as noted in the examples below. Personal pronouns can be used reflexively or non-reflexively. Reflexive pronouns accompany reflexive verbs, and the third person reflexive pronoun "se" may occur in clauses where the subject is ambiguous (he, she, they).
"Romance Reflexive" pronouns accompany intransitive verbs. Intransitive verbs do not require a direct object, but they may take one in certain environments (i.e., with romance reflexives). For example, "El perro se[X] cayó". The dog fell. In this example, "se" is a romance reflexive that accompanies the intransitive verb "cayó." "Cayó" is considered intransitive because it can stand on its own or may take the romance reflexive pronoun "se". El perro cayó|cayer. or El perro se cayó|cayer. Notice that the vertical bar convention is used to identify the root forms of the verbs in these examples.
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